tokio/net/tcp/
socket.rs

1use crate::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};
2
3use std::fmt;
4use std::io;
5use std::net::SocketAddr;
6
7#[cfg(unix)]
8use std::os::unix::io::{AsFd, AsRawFd, BorrowedFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd, RawFd};
9use std::time::Duration;
10
11cfg_windows! {
12    use crate::os::windows::io::{AsRawSocket, FromRawSocket, IntoRawSocket, RawSocket, AsSocket, BorrowedSocket};
13}
14
15cfg_net! {
16    /// A TCP socket that has not yet been converted to a `TcpStream` or
17    /// `TcpListener`.
18    ///
19    /// `TcpSocket` wraps an operating system socket and enables the caller to
20    /// configure the socket before establishing a TCP connection or accepting
21    /// inbound connections. The caller is able to set socket option and explicitly
22    /// bind the socket with a socket address.
23    ///
24    /// The underlying socket is closed when the `TcpSocket` value is dropped.
25    ///
26    /// `TcpSocket` should only be used directly if the default configuration used
27    /// by `TcpStream::connect` and `TcpListener::bind` does not meet the required
28    /// use case.
29    ///
30    /// Calling `TcpStream::connect("127.0.0.1:8080")` is equivalent to:
31    ///
32    /// ```no_run
33    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
34    ///
35    /// use std::io;
36    ///
37    /// #[tokio::main]
38    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
39    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
40    ///
41    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
42    ///     let stream = socket.connect(addr).await?;
43    /// # drop(stream);
44    ///
45    ///     Ok(())
46    /// }
47    /// ```
48    ///
49    /// Calling `TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:8080")` is equivalent to:
50    ///
51    /// ```no_run
52    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
53    ///
54    /// use std::io;
55    ///
56    /// #[tokio::main]
57    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
58    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
59    ///
60    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
61    ///     // On platforms with Berkeley-derived sockets, this allows to quickly
62    ///     // rebind a socket, without needing to wait for the OS to clean up the
63    ///     // previous one.
64    ///     //
65    ///     // On Windows, this allows rebinding sockets which are actively in use,
66    ///     // which allows "socket hijacking", so we explicitly don't set it here.
67    ///     // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winsock/using-so-reuseaddr-and-so-exclusiveaddruse
68    ///     socket.set_reuseaddr(true)?;
69    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
70    ///
71    ///     // Note: the actual backlog used by `TcpListener::bind` is platform-dependent,
72    ///     // as Tokio relies on Mio's default backlog value configuration. The `1024` here is only
73    ///     // illustrative and does not reflect the real value used.
74    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
75    /// # drop(listener);
76    ///
77    ///     Ok(())
78    /// }
79    /// ```
80    ///
81    /// Setting socket options not explicitly provided by `TcpSocket` may be done by
82    /// accessing the `RawFd`/`RawSocket` using [`AsRawFd`]/[`AsRawSocket`] and
83    /// setting the option with a crate like [`socket2`].
84    ///
85    /// [`RawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/fd/type.RawFd.html
86    /// [`RawSocket`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/windows/io/type.RawSocket.html
87    /// [`AsRawFd`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/fd/trait.AsRawFd.html
88    /// [`AsRawSocket`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/windows/io/trait.AsRawSocket.html
89    /// [`socket2`]: https://docs.rs/socket2/
90    #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(alias = "connect_std"))]
91    pub struct TcpSocket {
92        inner: socket2::Socket,
93    }
94}
95
96impl TcpSocket {
97    /// Creates a new socket configured for IPv4.
98    ///
99    /// Calls `socket(2)` with `AF_INET` and `SOCK_STREAM`.
100    ///
101    /// # Returns
102    ///
103    /// On success, the newly created `TcpSocket` is returned. If an error is
104    /// encountered, it is returned instead.
105    ///
106    /// # Examples
107    ///
108    /// Create a new IPv4 socket and start listening.
109    ///
110    /// ```no_run
111    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
112    ///
113    /// use std::io;
114    ///
115    /// #[tokio::main]
116    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
117    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
118    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
119    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
120    ///
121    ///     let listener = socket.listen(128)?;
122    /// # drop(listener);
123    ///     Ok(())
124    /// }
125    /// ```
126    pub fn new_v4() -> io::Result<TcpSocket> {
127        TcpSocket::new(socket2::Domain::IPV4)
128    }
129
130    /// Creates a new socket configured for IPv6.
131    ///
132    /// Calls `socket(2)` with `AF_INET6` and `SOCK_STREAM`.
133    ///
134    /// # Returns
135    ///
136    /// On success, the newly created `TcpSocket` is returned. If an error is
137    /// encountered, it is returned instead.
138    ///
139    /// # Examples
140    ///
141    /// Create a new IPv6 socket and start listening.
142    ///
143    /// ```no_run
144    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
145    ///
146    /// use std::io;
147    ///
148    /// #[tokio::main]
149    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
150    ///     let addr = "[::1]:8080".parse().unwrap();
151    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v6()?;
152    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
153    ///
154    ///     let listener = socket.listen(128)?;
155    /// # drop(listener);
156    ///     Ok(())
157    /// }
158    /// ```
159    pub fn new_v6() -> io::Result<TcpSocket> {
160        TcpSocket::new(socket2::Domain::IPV6)
161    }
162
163    fn new(domain: socket2::Domain) -> io::Result<TcpSocket> {
164        let ty = socket2::Type::STREAM;
165        #[cfg(any(
166            target_os = "android",
167            target_os = "dragonfly",
168            target_os = "freebsd",
169            target_os = "fuchsia",
170            target_os = "illumos",
171            target_os = "linux",
172            target_os = "netbsd",
173            target_os = "openbsd"
174        ))]
175        let ty = ty.nonblocking();
176        let inner = socket2::Socket::new(domain, ty, Some(socket2::Protocol::TCP))?;
177        #[cfg(not(any(
178            target_os = "android",
179            target_os = "dragonfly",
180            target_os = "freebsd",
181            target_os = "fuchsia",
182            target_os = "illumos",
183            target_os = "linux",
184            target_os = "netbsd",
185            target_os = "openbsd"
186        )))]
187        inner.set_nonblocking(true)?;
188        Ok(TcpSocket { inner })
189    }
190
191    /// Sets value for the `SO_KEEPALIVE` option on this socket.
192    pub fn set_keepalive(&self, keepalive: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
193        self.inner.set_keepalive(keepalive)
194    }
195
196    /// Gets the value of the `SO_KEEPALIVE` option on this socket.
197    pub fn keepalive(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
198        self.inner.keepalive()
199    }
200
201    /// Allows the socket to bind to an in-use address.
202    ///
203    /// Behavior is platform specific. Refer to the target platform's
204    /// documentation for more details.
205    ///
206    /// # Examples
207    ///
208    /// ```no_run
209    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
210    ///
211    /// use std::io;
212    ///
213    /// #[tokio::main]
214    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
215    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
216    ///
217    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
218    ///     socket.set_reuseaddr(true)?;
219    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
220    ///
221    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
222    /// # drop(listener);
223    ///
224    ///     Ok(())
225    /// }
226    /// ```
227    pub fn set_reuseaddr(&self, reuseaddr: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
228        self.inner.set_reuse_address(reuseaddr)
229    }
230
231    /// Retrieves the value set for `SO_REUSEADDR` on this socket.
232    ///
233    /// # Examples
234    ///
235    /// ```no_run
236    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
237    ///
238    /// use std::io;
239    ///
240    /// #[tokio::main]
241    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
242    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
243    ///
244    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
245    ///     socket.set_reuseaddr(true)?;
246    ///     assert!(socket.reuseaddr().unwrap());
247    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
248    ///
249    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
250    ///     Ok(())
251    /// }
252    /// ```
253    pub fn reuseaddr(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
254        self.inner.reuse_address()
255    }
256
257    /// Allows the socket to bind to an in-use port. Only available for unix systems
258    /// (excluding Solaris, Illumos, and Cygwin).
259    ///
260    /// Behavior is platform specific. Refer to the target platform's
261    /// documentation for more details.
262    ///
263    /// # Examples
264    ///
265    /// ```no_run
266    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
267    ///
268    /// use std::io;
269    ///
270    /// #[tokio::main]
271    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
272    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
273    ///
274    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
275    ///     socket.set_reuseport(true)?;
276    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
277    ///
278    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
279    ///     Ok(())
280    /// }
281    /// ```
282    #[cfg(all(
283        unix,
284        not(target_os = "solaris"),
285        not(target_os = "illumos"),
286        not(target_os = "cygwin"),
287    ))]
288    #[cfg_attr(
289        docsrs,
290        doc(cfg(all(
291            unix,
292            not(target_os = "solaris"),
293            not(target_os = "illumos"),
294            not(target_os = "cygwin"),
295        )))
296    )]
297    pub fn set_reuseport(&self, reuseport: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
298        self.inner.set_reuse_port(reuseport)
299    }
300
301    /// Allows the socket to bind to an in-use port. Only available for unix systems
302    /// (excluding Solaris, Illumos, and Cygwin).
303    ///
304    /// Behavior is platform specific. Refer to the target platform's
305    /// documentation for more details.
306    ///
307    /// # Examples
308    ///
309    /// ```no_run
310    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
311    ///
312    /// use std::io;
313    ///
314    /// #[tokio::main]
315    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
316    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
317    ///
318    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
319    ///     socket.set_reuseport(true)?;
320    ///     assert!(socket.reuseport().unwrap());
321    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
322    ///
323    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
324    ///     Ok(())
325    /// }
326    /// ```
327    #[cfg(all(
328        unix,
329        not(target_os = "solaris"),
330        not(target_os = "illumos"),
331        not(target_os = "cygwin"),
332    ))]
333    #[cfg_attr(
334        docsrs,
335        doc(cfg(all(
336            unix,
337            not(target_os = "solaris"),
338            not(target_os = "illumos"),
339            not(target_os = "cygwin"),
340        )))
341    )]
342    pub fn reuseport(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
343        self.inner.reuse_port()
344    }
345
346    /// Sets the size of the TCP send buffer on this socket.
347    ///
348    /// On most operating systems, this sets the `SO_SNDBUF` socket option.
349    pub fn set_send_buffer_size(&self, size: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
350        self.inner.set_send_buffer_size(size as usize)
351    }
352
353    /// Returns the size of the TCP send buffer for this socket.
354    ///
355    /// On most operating systems, this is the value of the `SO_SNDBUF` socket
356    /// option.
357    ///
358    /// Note that if [`set_send_buffer_size`] has been called on this socket
359    /// previously, the value returned by this function may not be the same as
360    /// the argument provided to `set_send_buffer_size`. This is for the
361    /// following reasons:
362    ///
363    /// * Most operating systems have minimum and maximum allowed sizes for the
364    ///   send buffer, and will clamp the provided value if it is below the
365    ///   minimum or above the maximum. The minimum and maximum buffer sizes are
366    ///   OS-dependent.
367    /// * Linux will double the buffer size to account for internal bookkeeping
368    ///   data, and returns the doubled value from `getsockopt(2)`. As per `man
369    ///   7 socket`:
370    ///   > Sets or gets the maximum socket send buffer in bytes. The
371    ///   > kernel doubles this value (to allow space for bookkeeping
372    ///   > overhead) when it is set using `setsockopt(2)`, and this doubled
373    ///   > value is returned by `getsockopt(2)`.
374    ///
375    /// [`set_send_buffer_size`]: #method.set_send_buffer_size
376    pub fn send_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
377        self.inner.send_buffer_size().map(|n| n as u32)
378    }
379
380    /// Sets the size of the TCP receive buffer on this socket.
381    ///
382    /// On most operating systems, this sets the `SO_RCVBUF` socket option.
383    pub fn set_recv_buffer_size(&self, size: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
384        self.inner.set_recv_buffer_size(size as usize)
385    }
386
387    /// Returns the size of the TCP receive buffer for this socket.
388    ///
389    /// On most operating systems, this is the value of the `SO_RCVBUF` socket
390    /// option.
391    ///
392    /// Note that if [`set_recv_buffer_size`] has been called on this socket
393    /// previously, the value returned by this function may not be the same as
394    /// the argument provided to `set_recv_buffer_size`. This is for the
395    /// following reasons:
396    ///
397    /// * Most operating systems have minimum and maximum allowed sizes for the
398    ///   receive buffer, and will clamp the provided value if it is below the
399    ///   minimum or above the maximum. The minimum and maximum buffer sizes are
400    ///   OS-dependent.
401    /// * Linux will double the buffer size to account for internal bookkeeping
402    ///   data, and returns the doubled value from `getsockopt(2)`. As per `man
403    ///   7 socket`:
404    ///   > Sets or gets the maximum socket send buffer in bytes. The
405    ///   > kernel doubles this value (to allow space for bookkeeping
406    ///   > overhead) when it is set using `setsockopt(2)`, and this doubled
407    ///   > value is returned by `getsockopt(2)`.
408    ///
409    /// [`set_recv_buffer_size`]: #method.set_recv_buffer_size
410    pub fn recv_buffer_size(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
411        self.inner.recv_buffer_size().map(|n| n as u32)
412    }
413
414    /// Sets the linger duration of this socket by setting the `SO_LINGER` option.
415    ///
416    /// This option controls the action taken when a stream has unsent messages and the stream is
417    /// closed. If `SO_LINGER` is set, the system shall block the process until it can transmit the
418    /// data or until the time expires.
419    ///
420    /// If `SO_LINGER` is not specified, and the socket is closed, the system handles the call in a
421    /// way that allows the process to continue as quickly as possible.
422    ///
423    /// This option is deprecated because setting `SO_LINGER` on a socket used with Tokio is always
424    /// incorrect as it leads to blocking the thread when the socket is closed. For more details,
425    /// please see:
426    ///
427    /// > Volumes of communications have been devoted to the intricacies of `SO_LINGER` versus
428    /// > non-blocking (`O_NONBLOCK`) sockets. From what I can tell, the final word is: don't do
429    /// > it. Rely on the `shutdown()`-followed-by-`read()`-eof technique instead.
430    /// >
431    /// > From [The ultimate `SO_LINGER` page, or: why is my tcp not reliable](https://blog.netherlabs.nl/articles/2009/01/18/the-ultimate-so_linger-page-or-why-is-my-tcp-not-reliable)
432    #[deprecated = "`SO_LINGER` causes the socket to block the thread on drop"]
433    pub fn set_linger(&self, dur: Option<Duration>) -> io::Result<()> {
434        self.inner.set_linger(dur)
435    }
436
437    /// Reads the linger duration for this socket by getting the `SO_LINGER`
438    /// option.
439    ///
440    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_linger`].
441    ///
442    /// [`set_linger`]: TcpSocket::set_linger
443    pub fn linger(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Duration>> {
444        self.inner.linger()
445    }
446
447    /// Sets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.
448    ///
449    /// If set, this option disables the Nagle algorithm. This means that segments are always
450    /// sent as soon as possible, even if there is only a small amount of data. When not set,
451    /// data is buffered until there is a sufficient amount to send out, thereby avoiding
452    /// the frequent sending of small packets.
453    ///
454    /// # Examples
455    ///
456    /// ```no_run
457    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
458    ///
459    /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
460    /// let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
461    ///
462    /// socket.set_nodelay(true)?;
463    /// # Ok(())
464    /// # }
465    /// ```
466    pub fn set_nodelay(&self, nodelay: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
467        self.inner.set_tcp_nodelay(nodelay)
468    }
469
470    /// Gets the value of the `TCP_NODELAY` option on this socket.
471    ///
472    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_nodelay`].
473    ///
474    /// [`set_nodelay`]: TcpSocket::set_nodelay
475    ///
476    /// # Examples
477    ///
478    /// ```no_run
479    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
480    ///
481    /// # async fn dox() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
482    /// let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
483    ///
484    /// println!("{:?}", socket.nodelay()?);
485    /// # Ok(())
486    /// # }
487    /// ```
488    pub fn nodelay(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
489        self.inner.tcp_nodelay()
490    }
491
492    /// Gets the value of the `IP_TOS` option for this socket.
493    ///
494    /// For more information about this option, see [`set_tos`].
495    ///
496    /// **NOTE:** On Windows, `IP_TOS` is only supported on [Windows 8+ or
497    /// Windows Server 2012+.](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winsock/ipproto-ip-socket-options)
498    ///
499    /// [`set_tos`]: Self::set_tos
500    // https://docs.rs/socket2/0.5.3/src/socket2/socket.rs.html#1464
501    #[cfg(not(any(
502        target_os = "fuchsia",
503        target_os = "redox",
504        target_os = "solaris",
505        target_os = "illumos",
506        target_os = "haiku"
507    )))]
508    #[cfg_attr(
509        docsrs,
510        doc(cfg(not(any(
511            target_os = "fuchsia",
512            target_os = "redox",
513            target_os = "solaris",
514            target_os = "illumos",
515            target_os = "haiku"
516        ))))
517    )]
518    pub fn tos(&self) -> io::Result<u32> {
519        self.inner.tos_v4()
520    }
521
522    /// Sets the value for the `IP_TOS` option on this socket.
523    ///
524    /// This value sets the type-of-service field that is used in every packet
525    /// sent from this socket.
526    ///
527    /// **NOTE:** On Windows, `IP_TOS` is only supported on [Windows 8+ or
528    /// Windows Server 2012+.](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winsock/ipproto-ip-socket-options)
529    // https://docs.rs/socket2/0.5.3/src/socket2/socket.rs.html#1446
530    #[cfg(not(any(
531        target_os = "fuchsia",
532        target_os = "redox",
533        target_os = "solaris",
534        target_os = "illumos",
535        target_os = "haiku"
536    )))]
537    #[cfg_attr(
538        docsrs,
539        doc(cfg(not(any(
540            target_os = "fuchsia",
541            target_os = "redox",
542            target_os = "solaris",
543            target_os = "illumos",
544            target_os = "haiku"
545        ))))
546    )]
547    pub fn set_tos(&self, tos: u32) -> io::Result<()> {
548        self.inner.set_tos_v4(tos)
549    }
550
551    /// Gets the value for the `SO_BINDTODEVICE` option on this socket
552    ///
553    /// This value gets the socket binded device's interface name.
554    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "fuchsia", target_os = "linux",))]
555    #[cfg_attr(
556        docsrs,
557        doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "fuchsia", target_os = "linux",)))
558    )]
559    pub fn device(&self) -> io::Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
560        self.inner.device()
561    }
562
563    /// Sets the value for the `SO_BINDTODEVICE` option on this socket
564    ///
565    /// If a socket is bound to an interface, only packets received from that
566    /// particular interface are processed by the socket. Note that this only
567    /// works for some socket types, particularly `AF_INET` sockets.
568    ///
569    /// If `interface` is `None` or an empty string it removes the binding.
570    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "fuchsia", target_os = "linux"))]
571    #[cfg_attr(
572        docsrs,
573        doc(cfg(all(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "fuchsia", target_os = "linux"))))
574    )]
575    pub fn bind_device(&self, interface: Option<&[u8]>) -> io::Result<()> {
576        self.inner.bind_device(interface)
577    }
578
579    /// Gets the local address of this socket.
580    ///
581    /// Will fail on windows if called before `bind`.
582    ///
583    /// # Examples
584    ///
585    /// ```no_run
586    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
587    ///
588    /// use std::io;
589    ///
590    /// #[tokio::main]
591    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
592    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
593    ///
594    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
595    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
596    ///     assert_eq!(socket.local_addr().unwrap().to_string(), "127.0.0.1:8080");
597    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
598    ///     Ok(())
599    /// }
600    /// ```
601    pub fn local_addr(&self) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
602        self.inner.local_addr().and_then(convert_address)
603    }
604
605    /// Returns the value of the `SO_ERROR` option.
606    pub fn take_error(&self) -> io::Result<Option<io::Error>> {
607        self.inner.take_error()
608    }
609
610    /// Binds the socket to the given address.
611    ///
612    /// This calls the `bind(2)` operating-system function. Behavior is
613    /// platform specific. Refer to the target platform's documentation for more
614    /// details.
615    ///
616    /// # Examples
617    ///
618    /// Bind a socket before listening.
619    ///
620    /// ```no_run
621    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
622    ///
623    /// use std::io;
624    ///
625    /// #[tokio::main]
626    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
627    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
628    ///
629    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
630    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
631    ///
632    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
633    /// # drop(listener);
634    ///
635    ///     Ok(())
636    /// }
637    /// ```
638    pub fn bind(&self, addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<()> {
639        self.inner.bind(&addr.into())
640    }
641
642    /// Establishes a TCP connection with a peer at the specified socket address.
643    ///
644    /// The `TcpSocket` is consumed. Once the connection is established, a
645    /// connected [`TcpStream`] is returned. If the connection fails, the
646    /// encountered error is returned.
647    ///
648    /// [`TcpStream`]: TcpStream
649    ///
650    /// This calls the `connect(2)` operating-system function. Behavior is
651    /// platform specific. Refer to the target platform's documentation for more
652    /// details.
653    ///
654    /// # Examples
655    ///
656    /// Connecting to a peer.
657    ///
658    /// ```no_run
659    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
660    ///
661    /// use std::io;
662    ///
663    /// #[tokio::main]
664    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
665    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
666    ///
667    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
668    ///     let stream = socket.connect(addr).await?;
669    /// # drop(stream);
670    ///
671    ///     Ok(())
672    /// }
673    /// ```
674    pub async fn connect(self, addr: SocketAddr) -> io::Result<TcpStream> {
675        if let Err(err) = self.inner.connect(&addr.into()) {
676            #[cfg(unix)]
677            if err.raw_os_error() != Some(libc::EINPROGRESS) {
678                return Err(err);
679            }
680            #[cfg(windows)]
681            if err.kind() != io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock {
682                return Err(err);
683            }
684        }
685        #[cfg(unix)]
686        let mio = {
687            use std::os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};
688
689            let raw_fd = self.inner.into_raw_fd();
690            unsafe { mio::net::TcpStream::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) }
691        };
692
693        #[cfg(windows)]
694        let mio = {
695            use std::os::windows::io::{FromRawSocket, IntoRawSocket};
696
697            let raw_socket = self.inner.into_raw_socket();
698            unsafe { mio::net::TcpStream::from_raw_socket(raw_socket) }
699        };
700
701        TcpStream::connect_mio(mio).await
702    }
703
704    /// Converts the socket into a `TcpListener`.
705    ///
706    /// `backlog` defines the maximum number of pending connections are queued
707    /// by the operating system at any given time. Connection are removed from
708    /// the queue with [`TcpListener::accept`]. When the queue is full, the
709    /// operating-system will start rejecting connections.
710    ///
711    /// [`TcpListener::accept`]: TcpListener::accept
712    ///
713    /// This calls the `listen(2)` operating-system function, marking the socket
714    /// as a passive socket. Behavior is platform specific. Refer to the target
715    /// platform's documentation for more details.
716    ///
717    /// # Examples
718    ///
719    /// Create a `TcpListener`.
720    ///
721    /// ```no_run
722    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
723    ///
724    /// use std::io;
725    ///
726    /// #[tokio::main]
727    /// async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
728    ///     let addr = "127.0.0.1:8080".parse().unwrap();
729    ///
730    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::new_v4()?;
731    ///     socket.bind(addr)?;
732    ///
733    ///     let listener = socket.listen(1024)?;
734    /// # drop(listener);
735    ///
736    ///     Ok(())
737    /// }
738    /// ```
739    pub fn listen(self, backlog: u32) -> io::Result<TcpListener> {
740        self.inner.listen(backlog as i32)?;
741        #[cfg(unix)]
742        let mio = {
743            use std::os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};
744
745            let raw_fd = self.inner.into_raw_fd();
746            unsafe { mio::net::TcpListener::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) }
747        };
748
749        #[cfg(windows)]
750        let mio = {
751            use std::os::windows::io::{FromRawSocket, IntoRawSocket};
752
753            let raw_socket = self.inner.into_raw_socket();
754            unsafe { mio::net::TcpListener::from_raw_socket(raw_socket) }
755        };
756
757        TcpListener::new(mio)
758    }
759
760    /// Converts a [`std::net::TcpStream`] into a `TcpSocket`. The provided
761    /// socket must not have been connected prior to calling this function. This
762    /// function is typically used together with crates such as [`socket2`] to
763    /// configure socket options that are not available on `TcpSocket`.
764    ///
765    /// [`std::net::TcpStream`]: struct@std::net::TcpStream
766    /// [`socket2`]: https://docs.rs/socket2/
767    ///
768    /// # Notes
769    ///
770    /// The caller is responsible for ensuring that the socket is in
771    /// non-blocking mode. Otherwise all I/O operations on the socket
772    /// will block the thread, which will cause unexpected behavior.
773    /// Non-blocking mode can be set using [`set_nonblocking`].
774    ///
775    /// [`set_nonblocking`]: std::net::TcpStream::set_nonblocking
776    ///
777    /// # Examples
778    ///
779    /// ```
780    /// use tokio::net::TcpSocket;
781    /// use socket2::{Domain, Socket, Type};
782    ///
783    /// #[tokio::main]
784    /// async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
785    /// #   if cfg!(miri) { return Ok(()); } // No `socket` in miri.
786    ///     let socket2_socket = Socket::new(Domain::IPV4, Type::STREAM, None)?;
787    ///     socket2_socket.set_nonblocking(true)?;
788    ///
789    ///     let socket = TcpSocket::from_std_stream(socket2_socket.into());
790    ///
791    ///     Ok(())
792    /// }
793    /// ```
794    pub fn from_std_stream(std_stream: std::net::TcpStream) -> TcpSocket {
795        #[cfg(unix)]
796        {
797            use std::os::unix::io::{FromRawFd, IntoRawFd};
798
799            let raw_fd = std_stream.into_raw_fd();
800            unsafe { TcpSocket::from_raw_fd(raw_fd) }
801        }
802
803        #[cfg(windows)]
804        {
805            use std::os::windows::io::{FromRawSocket, IntoRawSocket};
806
807            let raw_socket = std_stream.into_raw_socket();
808            unsafe { TcpSocket::from_raw_socket(raw_socket) }
809        }
810    }
811}
812
813fn convert_address(address: socket2::SockAddr) -> io::Result<SocketAddr> {
814    match address.as_socket() {
815        Some(address) => Ok(address),
816        None => Err(io::Error::new(
817            io::ErrorKind::InvalidInput,
818            "invalid address family (not IPv4 or IPv6)",
819        )),
820    }
821}
822
823impl fmt::Debug for TcpSocket {
824    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
825        self.inner.fmt(fmt)
826    }
827}
828
829// These trait implementations can't be build on Windows, so we completely
830// ignore them, even when building documentation.
831#[cfg(unix)]
832cfg_unix! {
833    impl AsRawFd for TcpSocket {
834        fn as_raw_fd(&self) -> RawFd {
835            self.inner.as_raw_fd()
836        }
837    }
838
839    impl AsFd for TcpSocket {
840        fn as_fd(&self) -> BorrowedFd<'_> {
841            unsafe { BorrowedFd::borrow_raw(self.as_raw_fd()) }
842        }
843    }
844
845    impl FromRawFd for TcpSocket {
846        /// Converts a `RawFd` to a `TcpSocket`.
847        ///
848        /// # Notes
849        ///
850        /// The caller is responsible for ensuring that the socket is in
851        /// non-blocking mode.
852        unsafe fn from_raw_fd(fd: RawFd) -> TcpSocket {
853            // Safety: exactly the same safety requirements as the
854            // `FromRawFd::from_raw_fd` trait method.
855            let inner = unsafe { socket2::Socket::from_raw_fd(fd) };
856            TcpSocket { inner }
857        }
858    }
859
860    impl IntoRawFd for TcpSocket {
861        fn into_raw_fd(self) -> RawFd {
862            self.inner.into_raw_fd()
863        }
864    }
865}
866
867cfg_windows! {
868    impl IntoRawSocket for TcpSocket {
869        fn into_raw_socket(self) -> RawSocket {
870            self.inner.into_raw_socket()
871        }
872    }
873
874    impl AsRawSocket for TcpSocket {
875        fn as_raw_socket(&self) -> RawSocket {
876            self.inner.as_raw_socket()
877        }
878    }
879
880    impl AsSocket for TcpSocket {
881        fn as_socket(&self) -> BorrowedSocket<'_> {
882            unsafe { BorrowedSocket::borrow_raw(self.as_raw_socket()) }
883        }
884    }
885
886    impl FromRawSocket for TcpSocket {
887        /// Converts a `RawSocket` to a `TcpStream`.
888        ///
889        /// # Notes
890        ///
891        /// The caller is responsible for ensuring that the socket is in
892        /// non-blocking mode.
893        unsafe fn from_raw_socket(socket: RawSocket) -> TcpSocket {
894            let inner = unsafe { socket2::Socket::from_raw_socket(socket) };
895            TcpSocket { inner }
896        }
897    }
898}